Strenthening Open Data (ID0104)

anuary 2019 - December 2020
Commitment Description
Lead implementing
agency/actor
Central Information Commission
Information Commission Regulation Number 1/2010
on Public Information Service Standard mandates
public institutions to provide and publish public
information to the community through Information and
Documentation Management Officer (IDMO).
However, current condition describes people’s
difficulties in accessing the data and information.
People often have to come to where they need the
data from. Regional data development also has not
been optimized yet. It is caused by the fact that the
process of public information service could not be done
electronically. The unavailability of a service platform
for data request also limits the government to gather
and analyze data requirement which has to be
published.
To encourage the enhancement of public service, the
shifting of governance paradigm to electronic-based
governance is established through Presidential
Regulation Number 95/2018 on Electronic Based
Government System. The regulation urges all public
institutions to digitalize public services as one of the
steps to cutting budget and resources, including public
information request.
On the other hand, the documentation of information
request is expected to be based on One Data
Indonesia principles. By using the same principles, the
government can utilize and analyze the available data
in public institutions. This action plan commits to
encouraging the digitalization of public information
request by developing the system and institutional
devices which enable the government to bridge public
need of information with the information providers
efficiently, effectively, and inexpensively.
What is the public problem that
the commitment will address?
The commitment aims to assist the digitalization of
public information request by developing data request
system through LAPOR! portal. Currently, LAPOR! has
been used by 34 ministries and 303 local
governments. So, this additional feature will simplify
the process of requesting data and information. It will
integrate LAPOR! with IDMO administrator in public
institutions by One Data Indonesia principles.
Furthermore, an integrated system through LAPOR!
will facilitate people to easily propose the needed data
to be published by the government. The intended principles of One Data Indonesia are the
data appliance in the same basic standards such as
concept, definition, classification, measurement, unit,
an assumption. Moreover, the data will have raw
metadata in which the information will describe,
explain, place, or facilitate the data search, use, and
management.
To encourage the commitment, there should be a
revised regulation of Information Commission
Regulation Number 1/2010 on Public Information
Service Standard. Furthermore, socialization is also
needed to introduce standards and the principles of
One Data Indonesia to both government and civil
society Through data request which can be electronically
accessed, people will be facilitated to propose inputs
related to the data request to the government. The data
can be transmitted online, thus people are no longer
asked to wait too long for the data they need. On the
other hand, the documentation of data request can be
utilized by the government to enrich the types and data
requirements that need to be published. The commitment is aligned with the values of Open
Government Partnership (OGP) which are
transparency and innovation. The value of transparency which is relevant with
the commitment is in the effort to encourage
information disclosure quality through
digitalization of public information request.
● Innovation is seen in the utilization of technology to
enhance public information access through
dashboard development in LAPOR! system The commitment is also aligned with Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs) No. 16: “promote peaceful
and inclusive societies for sustainable development,
provide access to justice for all and build effective,
accountable, and inclusive institutions at all levels”,
especially on No. 16.10: “ensure public access to
information and protect fundamental freedoms, in
accordance with national agreement”.
Milestone Activity with a verifiable
deliverable
Start Date: End Date:
1. The implementation of Public
Institutions Rating by provincial
Information Commission with One
Data Indonesia principles as
additional indicators
July 2019
July 2020
December 2019
December 2020 2. Enabling Public Information
Service request through LAPOR!
(this feature to be available and
served by selected cities/districts in
5 provinces) 3. The revision of Information
Commission Regulation No. 1/2010
to support digital/electronic Public
Information Service
January 2019 December 2019
Contact information
Other Actors
Involved
State actors
involved
1. Information Commission of West Java Province
2. Information Commission of Central Java
Province
3. Information Commission of East Java Province
4. Information Commission of West Kalimantan
Province
5. Information Commission of North Sumatera
Province
CSOs, private
sector, multilaterals,
working groups
1. Open Data Lab
2. FIONI
3. Plan C

13. Strengthening Public Information Disclosure Based on One Data Indonesia Principles

Language of the commitment as it appears in the action plan:

The commitment aims to assist the digitalization of public information request by developing data request system through LAPOR! portal. Currently, LAPOR! has been used by 34 ministries and 303 local governments. So, this additional feature will simplify the process of requesting data and information. It will integrate LAPOR! with IDMO administrator in public institutions by One Data Indonesia principles. Furthermore, an integrated system through LAPOR! will facilitate people to easily propose the needed data to be published by the government.

The intended principles of One Data Indonesia are the data appliance in the same basic standards such as concept, definition, classification, measurement, unit, an assumption. Moreover, the data will have raw metadata in which the information will describe, explain, place, or facilitate the data search, use, and management.

To encourage the commitment, there should be a revised regulation of Information Commission Regulation Number 1/2010 on Public Information Service Standard. Furthermore, socialization is also needed to introduce standards and the principles of One Data Indonesia to both government and civil society.

Milestones:

1. The implementation of Public Institutions Rating by provincial Information Commission with One Data Indonesia principles as additional indicators.
2. Enabling Public Information Service request through LAPOR! (this feature to be available and served by selected cities/districts in 5 provinces).
3. The revision of Information Commission Regulation No. 1/2010 to support digital/electronic Public Information Service.

Start Date: January 2019                                                               End Date: December 2020

Context and Objectives

Public information disclosure is mandated by Law No. 14/2008. ^[138] Nationally, the Central Information Commission (KIP) is responsible for presiding over information disclosure disputes and ensuring the creation of information service desks (PPID) in all public institutions.

To assess compliance of public institutions with the Information Disclosure Law, the KIP publishes annual reports. The reports rate public institutions on a scale of “Not Informative,” “Insufficiently Informative,” “Sufficiently Informative,” “Towards Informative,” and “Informative.” In the 2018 report, however, only 15 out of 460 public institutions achieved the “Informative.” ^[139] While the report did not disclose its full methodology, it did outline several indicators: ^[140]

• Development of an information service desk website;
• Disclosure of public information that is included in the Public Information List (DIP);
• Public information service and delivery;
• Overall commitment, coordination, innovation, and implementation of public information disclosure;

Arif Adi Kuswardono, who is one of the seven Information Commissioners serving for the 2017–2021 term, admitted that the KIP does not have access to independent and up-to-date data of public institutions’ compliance. ^[141] Therefore, the rating system relies mostly on self-assessments conducted through a set of questionnaires, ^[142] which makes it difficult for the KIP to hold these offices accountable. Through this commitment, the KIP will develop a new assessment methodology that incorporates the principles of One Data Indonesia: one data standard, one standard metadata, and data interoperability. ^[143] By doing so, the KIP hopes to provide a more accurate report of public institutions’ compliance with the Information Disclosure Law.

By enabling the public to file information requests through the LAPOR!-SP4N system, the KIP hopes to gain more information to assess and monitor information disclosure compliance across all public institutions. Based on a report published at the end of 2017, all ministries and a total of 302 local governments have already been integrated to LAPOR!-SP4N with a total of 145,573 information requests received through its system. ^[144] However, the KIP does not have direct access to monitor how the information service desk (PPID) of an institution responds to these information requests. This commitment, therefore, will establish a procedure for the KIP to monitor PPIDs’ responses to information requests to improve compliance with the Public Information Disclosure Law.

In order to best use LAPOR!-SP4N to monitor information disclosure compliance, the KIP needs to revise Information Commission Regulation No. 1/2010 on Public Information Service Standards. ^[145] For this commitment, the KIP will collaborate with LAPOR!-SP4N to monitor information requests received in five provinces as a pilot project. Furthermore, the KIP also plans to incorporate their Information Disclosure Index, which assesses the compliance of public institutions in disclosing information included in their Public Information List (DIP), into the Information Commission’s monitoring system that evaluates the overall level of public institutions’ compliance with the Public Information Disclosure Law. ^[146]

Overall, this commitment carries moderate potential impact. While the utilization of LAPOR!-SP4N may help the KIP in collecting more data on information disclosure compliance, the KIP still needs to coordinate with all PPIDs to gather definitive data. Findings in previous IRM reports ^[147] have also indicated that LAPOR!-SP4N lacks a standard procedure in ensuring proper complaints resolution, which results in a high number of “resolved” complaints despite inaction from relevant authorities. Additionally, the government’s failure to sign into effect the Presidential Regulation on One Data,  which has been tabled for years, presents another layer of challenges for the KIP to achieve the desired outcome of this commitment.

Next Steps

In implementing this commitment, the KIP should take the following steps:

• Given the narrow scope of this commitment’s pilot project—only covering five out of 34 provinces—the KIP could plan on how to replicate improvements in the Public Institutions Rating in other provinces, including at the national government level;
• Establish a clear procedure for all PPIDs to regularly report their management of information requests to the KIP;
• Develop a methodology that complies with the One Data principles in reconfiguring the information disclosure compliance rating system. This new methodology must focus more on evidence-based assessments of public institutions’ accountability in managing information requests; and
• Collaborate with the LAPOR!-SP4N team to develop a clear follow-up mechanism for information requests and closely monitor how PPIDs respond to online information requests. The KIP could also consider revising the existing regulation on public information service standards to mandate public institutions conduct independent accountability reporting on an annual basis.

[138] Government of Indonesia, “Undang-Undang No. 14/2008 tentang Keterbukaan Informasi Publik” (2008), http://dpr.go.id/doksetjen/dokumen/-Regulasi-UU-No.-14-Tahun-2008-Tentang-Keterbukaan-Informasi-Publik-1552380453.pdf.

[139] Central Information Commission, “Hasil Pemeringkatan Keterbukaan Informasi di Badan Publik 2014” (2014), 3–4, https://komisiinformasi.go.id/?portfolio=laporan-hasil-pemeringkatan-2014.

[140] Ibid.

[141] Arif Adi Kuswardono (Central Information Commission), interview by IRM researcher, 11 Mar. 2019.

[142] Central Information Commission, “Hasil Pemeringkatan Keterbukaan Informasi.”

[143] Open Government Indonesia National Secretariat, “Sosialisasi Rancangan Peraturan Presiden tentang Satu Data Indonesia” (2017), https://ogi.bappenas.go.id/news/223/sosialisasi-rancangan-peraturan-presiden-tentang-satu-data-indonesia.

[144] LAPOR!-SP4N, “Sistem Pengelolaan Pengaduan Pelayanan Publik Nasional” (2017), https://drive.google.com/file/d/11s1jx3RmldZ5LysEv3EjaflF0sHMraah/view.

[145] Central Information Commission, “Peraturan Komisi Informasi No. 1/2010 tentang Standar Layanan Informasi Publik” (2010), https://komisiinformasi.go.id/?portfolio=peraturan-komisi-informasi-no-1-tahun-2010.

[146] Aditya Nuriya (Central Information Commission), interview by IRM researcher, 11 Mar. 2019.

[147] Open Government Partnership, “Independent Reporting Mechanism (IRM) Indonesia End-of-Term Report 2016–2017” (2019), https://www.opengovpartnership.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Indonesia_End-of-Term_Report_2016-2017_EN.pdf.

13. Strengthening Public Information Disclosure Based on One Data Indonesia Principles

Limited:

The Central Information Commission continued to monitor public institutions’ openness through the Public Institutions Rating but did not add One Data Indonesia Principles as indicators. [80] Reportedly, this rating has been implemented since 2010 and has not had a substantial impact on government transparency. The CIC began to revise Information Commission Regulation No. 1/2010 but did not authorize the revised regulation during the implementation period. According to members of the Freedom of Information Network Indonesia Secretariat, this reflects a lack of institutional commitment to this reform. [81] Public Information Service requests were not enabled through SP4N-LAPOR!. [82]