Open Data and Active Transparency in Environment Issues (BR0098)
Overview
At-a-Glance
Action Plan: Brazil National Action Plan 2016-2018
Action Plan Cycle: 2016
Status: Inactive
Institutions
Lead Institution: Ministry of Environment
Support Institution(s): Ministry of Environment Environment National Council (Conama) Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA) Brazilian Forest Service National Institute for Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA) National Institute for Space Research (INPE), World Wild Fund for Nature Brazilian Coalition on Climate, Forests and Agriculture Institute of Forest and Agricultural Management and Certification (Imaflora) InfoAmazonia Institute for Man and the Environment of the Amazon Region (Imazon) Forest Code Observatory
Policy Areas
Access to Information, Environment and Climate, Open Data, Public Participation, Public Service DeliveryIRM Review
IRM Report: Brazil End-of-Term Report 2016-2018, Brazil Mid-Term Report 2016-2018
Starred: No
Early Results: Marginal
Design i
Verifiable: Yes
Relevant to OGP Values: Access to Information , Civic Participation , Technology
Implementation i
Description
Lead government institution Ministry of Environment Civil servant in charge for implementing at lead government institution Anderson Couto Position - Department Special Advisor for Internal Auditing/ Internal Auditing E-mail anderson.couto@mma.gov.br Telephone 55 61 2028 1525 Other involved actors Government Ministry of Environment Environment National Council (Conama) Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA) Brazilian Forest Service National Institute for Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA) National Institute for Space Research (INPE) Civil society, private sector, group of workers and multilateral actors World Wild Fund for Nature Brazilian Coalition on Climate, Forests and Agriculture Institute of Forest and Agricultural Management and Certification (Imaflora) InfoAmazonia Institute for Man and the Environment of the Amazon Region (Imazon) Forest Code Observatory Status quo or problem/issue to be addressed Expand and enhance active transparency in the environmental area, with participation of civil society, in order to make available data to citizens, considering its format, detail level and updating Main objective To foster open data availability and to improve active transparency mechanisms in the environmental area, in particular for Environmental License, Deforestation and Forest Conservation (wood flow, animal transportation guide, CAR - rural environmental register) Commitment short description It seeks to advance in the establishment of dialogue arenas among governmental departments and civil society organizations, which deal with environmental matter OGP Challenge addressed by the Commitment Increasing public integrity More effective public resources management Corporative accountability increment Commitment relevance It can make government and society work closer, and, therefore, improve the available data quality at the environmental area Goal To obtain more and better environmental information, considering the legal obligations, the demand and the database opening
IRM Midterm Status Summary
15. Open Data and Active Transparency in Environment Issues
Commitment Text:
Make room for dialogue between government and society, aiming at generating and implementing actions related to transparency in environment issues
The commitment seeks to improve active transparency mechanisms for environment issues, as well as to advance in making room for a better interaction between governmental areas and civil society, with the intent of building more effective actions to disclose environmental information in better quality and greater number.
15.1 – Input contribution by the society to the Open Data Plan
15.2 –The institutions shall present: a summary paper, which contains an overview of what was implemented about transparency, strategic plan commitments on transparency and the Open Data Plan status, too
15.3 - Civil society presents an expectation of data/format to be available (by survey)
15.4 –Make an event with the aim of consolidating information and building joint activities, as well as establishing a group for monitoring
15.5 – Engender a summary paper, with correspondent actions, people who are in charge, and deadlines (for next year)
15.6 – Execution of the established actions
Responsible institution: Ministry of Environment
Supporting institutions: Environment National Council (Conama), Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA), Brazilian Forest Service, National Institute for Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA), National Institute for Space Research (INPE), World Wild Fund for Nature, Brazilian Coalition on Climate, Forests and Agriculture, Institute of Forest and Agricultural Management and Certification (Imaflora), InfoAmazonia, Institute for Man and the Environment of the Amazon Region (Imazon), Forest Code Observatory
Start date: December 2016 . End date: November 2018
Context and Objectives
This commitment aims to improve active transparency mechanisms for environment issues, in particular environmental licenses, deforestation, and forest conservation. The commitment calls for the participation of civil society. The government expects to establish dialogue between governmental departments and civil society organizations. It will also identify challenges to, opportunities for, and demands for opening environmental datasets.
There is a growing need for open data regarding the environment in Brazil. For example, legislation created the open dataset of the Rural Environment Registration (CAR, Cadastro Ambiental Rural) in 2012. However, the government released the dataset in 2016.[1] CAR, an active transparency dataset, identifies all rural properties in Brazil. It also provides key information on their environment impact. Civil society considers the dataset key in mapping deforestation and other phenomena.[2] Based on the CAR dataset, for example, a 2017 study showed that owners of rural properties did little to reverse their social environmental impact in recent years.[3] Motivated by civil society demands, the commitment aims to build on the publication of datasets such as the CAR.
The commitment’s level of specificity is high. Concrete deliverables include the improvement of an open data plan, the hosting of an event, and the establishment of a monitoring group.
The commitment is mostly relevant to the OGP value of access to information. However, it is also relevant to civic participation, due to its collaborative nature. Given the expected release of the open datasets, the commitment is also relevant to the value of technology and innovation.
The commitment has a minor potential impact, mostly due to its focus on preliminary steps. Nonetheless, greater transparency in environmental information is a priority issue in Brazil. The commitment focuses on gathering civil society expectations, summarizing current efforts, and drafting a plan with new commitments. When implemented, the plan could lead to transformative outputs. However, without knowing the content of the plan or the level of ambition of the proposed reforms, it is not possible to consider the impact to be major.
Completion
The commitment has seen limited completion.
In May 2017, the government published civil society inputs to the Ministerial Open Data Plan (milestones 15.1).[4] Two civil society members interviewed by the IRM researcher confirmed the consultation process (Dário Cardoso and Joara Marchezini). Their confirmations were based on talks with those involved in the commitment implementation phase. The interviewees also confirmed that the government solicited their requests for datasets. The open data plan established a due date of November 2017 for the list of datasets to be released. Data publication was to start in December 2017.[5]
The government began drafting the summary paper of current initiatives, strategic commitments, and status of the open data plan (milestone 15.2). However, the government did not complete the paper by June 2017.[6] The IRM researcher could not find any record of the summary paper and did not receive information directly from the government. The rest of the milestones had not been started as of June 2017, including the establishment of a monitoring group.
The action plan set a deadline of October 2017 for milestones 15.1-15.5, which puts the commitment behind schedule.
Early Results (if any)
Given the limited level of commitment completion, it is not possible to assess early results.
Next Steps
The commitment should be fully implemented during the remainder of the action plan. In its midterm self-assessment report, the government acknowledged the main challenges of moving forward. Those include determining the processes for providing, integrating, and sharing new environmental data, and building a single portal to disclose environmental information and data.
A civil society interviewee stated that this commitment could have an important impact if three specific datasets are improved: CAR, the Declaration of Forest Origin (DOF), and the Animal Transit Guide (GTA). As described above, CAR refers to the registration of rural properties and their efforts to reduce their environmental impact. DOF is the certificate of origin of forestall products and can be used, for example, to investigate illegal commerce of environmental products.[7] GTA involves data on animal transportation and can be used to track, for example, illegal trafficking of oxen.[8]
The government could also incentivize the use of open datasets to increase public accountability. These efforts could include developing private sector and civil society tools or applications that use the data to increase transparency in the environmental sector.
[1] Portal Brasil, 'Governo divulga dados do cadastro de imóveis rurais,' 29 November 2016, http://www.brasil.gov.br/meio-ambiente/2016/11/governo-divulga-dados-do-cadastro-de-imoveis-rurais
[2] Bruno Calixto, 'Why Environmental Data Such as the Rural Environmental Registry Should Be Public,' EPOCA, 1 October 2017, http://epoca.globo.com/ciencia-e-meio-ambiente/blog-do-planeta/noticia/2017/01/por-que-dados-ambientais-como-o-cadastro-ambiental-rural-devem-ser-publicos.html.
[3] Phillippe Watanabe, 'Rural Environmental Registry Does Not Prevent De-registration or Encourages Restoration,' Folha de S.Paulo, 3 July 2017, http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/ambiente/2017/07/1898079-cadastro-de-propriedade-rural-nao-impede-desmate-nem-incentiva-restauro.shtml.
[4] 'Open Data Plan,' Ministry of Environment, http://www.mma.gov.br/plano-de-dados-abertos.
[5] Consulted in October 2017. Previously available at http://wiki.dados.gov.br/GetFile.aspx?File=%2fPlanos%20de%20Dados%20Abertos%20Publicados%2fPlano_de_Dados_Abertos_MMA_2017_2018.pdf.
[6] Ministerio da Transparencia, Fiscalizacao e Controladoria-Geral da Uniao, Relatorio de Status de Execucao de Compromisso, http://www.governoaberto.cgu.gov.br/central-de-conteudo/documentos/2017-17-ago-rse_15.pdf
[7] G1 AC and Rio Branco, 'Without Issuance of DOF, Businessmen Complain of Problems in the Transportation of Wood in the AC,' Globo.com, 18 July 2017, https://g1.globo.com/ac/acre/noticia/sem-emissao-de-dof-empresarios-reclamam-de-problemas-para-transporte-de-madeira-no-ac.ghtml.
[8] Miguel Oliveira, 'Ibama Crosses Data on Illegal Deforestation with GTA to Discover Meat Route to Refrigerators in Para,' Journal of the State of Tapajos 14, no. 3338 (24 March 2017), http://www.oestadonet.com.br/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=11613:ibama-cruza-dados-de-desmatamento-ilegal-com-gta-para-descobrir-rota-de-carne-ate-frigorificos-no-para&Itemid=88.
IRM End of Term Status Summary
15. Open Data and Active Transparency in Environment Issues
Commitment Text:
Make room for dialogue between government and society, aiming at generating and implementing actions related to transparency in environment issues.
The commitment seeks to improve active transparency mechanisms for environment issues, as well as to advance in making room for a better interaction between governmental areas and civil society, with the intent of building more effective actions to disclose environmental information in better quality and greater number.
More specifically, the commitment was set out to achieve the following milestones:
15.1 – Input contribution by the society to the Open Data Plan
15.2 – The institutions shall present: a summary paper, which contains an overview of what was implemented about transparency, strategic plan commitments on transparency and the Open Data Plan status, too
15.3 – Civil society presents an expectation of data/format to be available (by survey)
15.4 – Make an event with the aim of consolidating information and building joint activities, as well as establishing a group for monitoring
15.5 – Engender a summary paper, with correspondent actions, people who are in charge, and deadlines (for next year)
15.6 – Execution of the established actions
Responsible institution: Ministry of Environment
Supporting institutions: Environment National Council (Conama), Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA), Brazilian Forest Service, National Institute for Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA), National Institute for Space Research (INPE), World Wild Fund for Nature, Brazilian Coalition on Climate, Forests and Agriculture, Institute of Forest and Agricultural Management and Certification (Imaflora), InfoAmazonia, Institute for Man and the Environment of the Amazon Region (Imazon), Forest Code Observatory
Start Date: December 2016... End Date: November 2018
Commitment Aim:
This commitment aimed to improve active transparency mechanisms for environmental issues—in particular environmental licenses, deforestation, and forest conservation. The commitment calls for the participation of civil society. The government expects to establish dialogue between governmental departments and civil society organizations. It would also identify challenges to, opportunities for, and demand for opening environmental datasets.
There is a growing need for open data regarding the environment in Brazil. For example, legislation created the open dataset of the Rural Environment Registration (CAR, Cadastro Ambiental Rural) in 2012. However, the government released the dataset in 2016. [102] CAR, an active transparency dataset, identifies all rural properties in Brazil and provides key information on their environmental impact. Civil society considers the dataset key to mapping deforestation and other phenomena. [103] Based on the CAR dataset, for example, a 2017 study showed that owners of rural properties had done little to reverse their social environmental impact in recent years. [104] Motivated by civil society demands, the commitment aimed to build on the publication of datasets such as the CAR.
Status
Midterm: Limited
The commitment saw limited completion and is behind schedule. The government completed Milestone 15.1. The commitment involved the government publishing civil society inputs to the Ministerial Open Data Plan. Milestone 15.2 was underway. It involved drafting a summary paper of current initiatives, strategic commitments, and the status of the open data plan. The rest of the milestones had not been started.
End of term: Substantial
Milestones 15.1–15.4 have been completed. Milestone 15.5 was not. Thus, the status of the commitment is substantially completed.
According to the implementation monitoring report, the government completed all milestones of the commitment. [105] The documents are not available online, but the IRM researcher interviewed a civil society representative who submitted the documents for verification (Renato Morgado, from the Institute of Forest and Agricultural Management and Certification). However, another civil society member states, “[T]he milestones were delivered, but they had low specificity” (Joara Marchezini, from Article 19).
Milestone 15.2 involved a summary paper with an overview of what was implemented and what was completed. No such document could be found online. However, the previously published open data plan [106] led to a list of demands and suggestions sent by civil society to government officials. This list was forwarded to the IRM researcher by a civil society member who participated in the process. The list included detailed tasks, as well as a detailed analysis of the information collected as part of Milestone 15.1.
Milestone 15.3 involved a survey presented by civil society on expectations of data and the format of data. This task was completed. No survey could be found online, but the civil society representative sent the document to the IRM researcher for verification. That document contains a detailed list of activities that civil society suggests should be implemented (with more than 20 suggested tasks, distributed along five areas of analysis).
Milestone 15.4 involved an event promoting the consolidated information and activities. An event on open data related to the commitment occurred in April 2018. [107] A civil society representative informed the IRM researcher that the event focused on discussing the content of Milestone 15.5.
Milestone 15.5 involved another summary paper. The IRM researcher was unable to find this paper online, but it was submitted for review by a civil society representative. The document is a follow-up of Milestone 15.3 and includes a proposed implementation timeline. It also includes an exchange of communication between government and civil society, and details on the implementation of open data requests on specific issues, from technical standards to dataset openness.
Did It Open Government?
Access to Information: Marginal
Civic Participation: Marginal
This commitment aimed to improve transparency mechanisms for environmental issues and promote open data opportunities based on the participation of civil society organizations. Civil society member Joara Marchezini, from Article 19, stated that the commitment advanced open government by promoting an interaction between government and civil society that did not exist before. The process led to new datasets being opened and to civic participation opportunities. Marchezini also argues that the commitment was delayed and promoted mostly small steps in transparency and participation.
Carried Forward?
The government did not include this commitment in the fourth national action plan. However, the action plan does include a commitment to increase transparency and civic engagement in the planning and implementation of climate change policies.
Commitments
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Subnational Good Governance
BR0100, 2018, Capacity Building
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Open Data Policy
BR0101, 2018, Access to Information
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Scientific Data Governance
BR0102, 2018, Access to Information
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Capacity-Building and Oversight on Nutrition Policy
BR0103, 2018, Capacity Building
-
Transport Data
BR0104, 2018, E-Government
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Transparency and Oversight in Infrastructure Repair Processes
BR0105, 2018, Capacity Building
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Increase Participation in Legislative Process
BR0106, 2018, Capacity Building
-
Urban and Rural Land Registers
BR0107, 2018, E-Government
-
Climate Change Policy Evaluation
BR0108, 2018, E-Government
-
Water Resource Management
BR0109, 2018, Capacity Building
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National Electronic System/ATI implementation
BR0110, 2018, Access to Information
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Open Data on the Federal Government
BR0084, 2016, Access to Information
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Transparency of Public Funds
BR0085, 2016, Capacity Building
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Access to Information Policy in the Federal Government – Promptness and Effectiveness to Information Requests
BR0086, 2016, Access to Information
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Access to Information Policy in the Federal Government – Requesters’ Personal Information Safeguard
BR0087, 2016, Access to Information
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Effectiveness of National Policy for Social Participation Mechanisms
BR0088, 2016, Capacity Building
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Digital Educational Resources
BR0089, 2016, Capacity Building
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Open Data and Information Governance in Health
BR0090, 2016, Access to Information
-
Prevention to Torture and Mean, Inhuman, or Humiliating Treatments in the Penitentiary System
BR0091, 2016, Access to Information
-
Innovation Spaces for Management in Public Services
BR0092, 2016, Capacity Building
-
Assessment and Streamline of Public Services
BR0093, 2016, E-Government
-
Open Innovation and Transparency in the Legislative
BR0094, 2016, Capacity Building
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Fostering Open Government in States and Municipalities
BR0095, 2016, Capacity Building
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Transparency and Innovation in the Judiciary
BR0096, 2016, Access to Justice
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Social Participation in Federal Government’S Planning Cycle
BR0097, 2016, E-Government
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Open Data and Active Transparency in Environment Issues
BR0098, 2016, Access to Information
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Mapping and Participatory Management for Culture
BR0099, 2016, Access to Information
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Probity Defense and Asset Recovery
BR0033, 2013, Anti-Corruption
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Development of a Methodology for Social Participation on the Monitoring of the Pluriannual Plan (PPA) and on the Formulation of the Federal Public Budget
BR0034, 2013, Capacity Building
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Development of the Monitoring System for the Social Movements Demands
BR0035, 2013, Capacity Building
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Capacity-Building of Educators, Political Agents, Public Managers, Councilors for Social Policies and Community Leaderships
BR0036, 2013, Capacity Building
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Encourage States and Municipalities to Endorse the OGP Four Principles
BR0037, 2013, Capacity Building
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Implementation of the ODP.Nano
BR0038, 2013, Fiscal Openness
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Strengthening of the Office of the Comptroller General (CGU)
BR0039, 2013, Anti-Corruption
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Online Accountability of Resources for Education Within the National Fund for Education Development
BR0040, 2013, E-Government
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Generation of Knowledge and Capacity-Building of Managers and Public Resources Operator’S Partners and of Councilors for Social Control
BR0041, 2013, Capacity Building
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National Program for Strengthening School Councils
BR0042, 2013, Capacity Building
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Development of a Unified and Interactive Information Panel on the Implementation of the Water for All Program, Which Can Be Publicly Accessed Through the Internet
BR0043, 2013, Capacity Building
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Digital Inclusion of Health Councils
BR0044, 2013, E-Government
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Development of Tools for Increasing Transparency and Enhancing Land Governance
BR0045, 2013, E-Government
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Implementation of the Document Management Policy in the Federal Government
BR0046, 2013, Capacity Building
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Development of the “Access to Information Library”
BR0047, 2013, Access to Information
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Disclosure of Data from the Execution of the Union Budget and from Government Purchases
BR0048, 2013, Access to Information
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Dissemination of the Public Open Data Culture to the Local Governments
BR0049, 2013, Access to Information
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Development of Support Technologies and Licensing Models for the Disclosure of Open Data
BR0050, 2013, Access to Information
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Disclosure of Information from Government Systems in an Open Data Format
BR0051, 2013, Access to Information
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Corporative Information Management in Social Security (E-Governance)
BR0052, 2013, E-Government
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Improvement of Active Transparency and of the Unique Health System’ Ombudsman Unit
BR0053, 2013, Access to Justice
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Strengthening of the National Audit System of the Unique Health System (SUS)
BR0054, 2013, Anti-Corruption
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Increasing Public Transparency of the Labor Relations Secretariat of the Ministry of Labor and Employment
BR0055, 2013, E-Government
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Disclosure of Recommendations to Carry Out Public Audiences to Serve as Reference for the Government
BR0056, 2013, Capacity Building
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Development of a Database of the Federal Public Administration Purchases Prices
BR0057, 2013, Anti-Corruption
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Participatory Audits on the Constructions of Brazilian Host Cities for the 2014 FIFA World Cup
BR0058, 2013, Anti-Corruption
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Development of an Indicators Model for Transparency of Brazilian Municipalities Institutional Development
BR0059, 2013, Capacity Building
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Development of a Brazilian Portal for the Open Government Partnership (OGP)
BR0060, 2013, E-Government
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Development of Monitoring Reports on the Electronic Citizen Information System (e-SIC)
BR0061, 2013, Access to Information
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Encouragement of Social Participation
BR0062, 2013, Anti-Corruption
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Formulation and Implementation of the Ministry of Defense’S Information Management Policy
BR0063, 2013, Records Management
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Development of a Database of Administrative Documents Produced by Brazil’S Navy
BR0064, 2013, Public Participation
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Open Educational Data
BR0065, 2013, Access to Information
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Improvement of Data Transparency from the National Consumer Protection Information System (Sindec)
BR0066, 2013, Access to Information
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Restructuring of the Brazilian Federal Government Transparency Portal
BR0067, 2013, Access to Information
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Electronic System for Public Consultations
BR0068, 2013, E-Government
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Improvement of Health Services Through the Increased Use of the National Health Card
BR0069, 2013, Health
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Participatory Development of the Federal Ombudsman System
BR0070, 2013, Justice
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“Brazil Transparent” Program
BR0071, 2013, Access to Information
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Development of the Unique Health System Letter
BR0072, 2013, Health
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Digital Cities Project
BR0073, 2013, E-Government
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Development of the National System for the Promotion of Racial Equality (SINAPIR)
BR0074, 2013, Human Rights
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Improvement of Mechanisms for Social Participation in the Formulation of Public Policies
BR0075, 2013, Public Participation
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Brazilian Portal for Social Participation
BR0076, 2013, E-Government
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Open Data in the Ministry of Justice
BR0077, 2013, Access to Information
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Improvement of the Pro-Ethics Company Registry
BR0078, 2013, Private Sector
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Expansion of the Database of the National Debarment List (CEIS):
BR0079, 2013, Anti-Corruption
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Monitoring of the National Plan for Food and Nutrition Security (PLANSAN)
BR0080, 2013, Health
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Development of an Information System on the Maria Da Penha Law (Law No. 11,340/2006)
BR0081, 2013, Gender
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Development of Processes for Prior Consultation Under the 169 Convention of the International Labour Organization’S (ILO)
BR0082, 2013, Labor
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Redesign of the Current Protection Programs
BR0083, 2013, Access to Justice
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Capacity Building Programs
BR0001, 2011, Access to Information
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Distance Education Program
BR0002, 2011, Access to Information
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Guide for Public Officials on Access to Information
BR0003, 2011, Access to Information
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Information Services Model
BR0004, 2011, Access to Information
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Diagnostic Study on the Transparency Values of Executive Branch
BR0005, 2011, Access to Information
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Diagnostic Study on Role of Federal Ombudsman Units (FOUs)
BR0006, 2011, Access to Information
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Research Study to Identify the Demands of Society in Regard to Access to Information
BR0007, 2011, Access to Information
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Preparation of a Catalogue of Public Data and Information
BR0008, 2011, Capacity Building
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Organization of a Meeting of the Inter-Council Forum Multi-Year Plan 2012–15 (Phase 2)
BR0009, 2011, Capacity Building
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Organization of the 1st National Conference on Transparency and Social Control (1St Consocial)
BR0010, 2011, Capacity Building
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Organization of the 1st National Open Data Meeting
BR0011, 2011, Access to Information
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Organization of the National Seminar on Social Participation
BR0012, 2011, Capacity Building
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Partnership with the Digital Culture Laboratory
BR0013, 2011, Access to Information
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Partnership with World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Brazil
BR0014, 2011, Access to Information
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Development of the National Open Data Infrastructure (INDA)
BR0015, 2011, Access to Information
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INDA Capacity Building Plan
BR0016, 2011, Access to Information
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INDA Awareness- Raising Activities
BR0017, 2011, Access to Information
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Launch of the Brazil Open Data Portal
BR0018, 2011, Access to Information
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Resource Transfer Agreements and Contract System (SICONV)
BR0019, 2011, Access to Information
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Aquarius Platform
BR0020, 2011, Access to Information
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Data Warehouse
BR0021, 2011, E-Government
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Restructuring the Transparency Portal
BR0022, 2011, Access to Information
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Facilitate Access to Specific Databases
BR0023, 2011, E-Government
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Interactive School Development Plan
BR0024, 2011, E-Government
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Control Panel for the Integrated Monitoring and Oversight System (Public Module)
BR0025, 2011, E-Government
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United Suppliers Registry (SICAF)
BR0026, 2011, Access to Information
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Registry of National Education Prices
BR0027, 2011, Anti-Corruption
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Contractual Management of IT Services
BR0028, 2011, Anti-Corruption
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Implementation of Pro-Ethics Company Registry
BR0029, 2011, Private Sector
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Systemic Integration of Ombudsman Units
BR0030, 2011, Access to Justice
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Continued Training for Public Ombudsman Units
BR0031, 2011, Access to Justice
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Public Services Portal
BR0032, 2011, Access to Information