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Philippines

Civic Enagement in Local Budget Planning – Community Capacity-Building (PH0035)

Overview

At-a-Glance

Action Plan: Philippines National Action Plan 2015-2017

Action Plan Cycle: 2015

Status: Inactive

Institutions

Lead Institution: Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD)

Support Institution(s): National Steering Committee: National Economic and Development Authority, Department of Finance, National Anti-Poverty Commission, Department of Budget and Management, Department of the Interior and Local Governemnt, Department of Agriculture, Department of Agrarian Reform, Department of Health, Department of Education, Department of Science and Technology, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Department of Public Work and Highways, Department of Labor and Employment, Technical Education and Skills Development Authority, Office of the Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process, National Commision on Indigenous Peoples, Presidential Commission for the Urban Poor, Office of the Presidential Assistant for Rehabilitation and Recovery, Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board, League of Provinces, League of Municipalities, League of Barangays, Regional Development Councils, Municipal and Barangay Local Government Units. World Bank, Asian Development Bank, Australian Government DFAT, AECID, Millennium Challenge Corporation Task Force Participatory Local Governance

Policy Areas

Capacity Building, Fiscal Openness, Public Participation, Public Participation in Budget/Fiscal Policy, Social Accountability Measures & Feedback Loops

IRM Review

IRM Report: Philippines End-of-Term Report 2015-2017, Philippines Mid-Term Progress Report 2015-2017

Starred: No

Early Results: Major Major

Design i

Verifiable: Yes

Relevant to OGP Values: Civic Participation

Potential Impact:

Implementation i

Completion:

Description

Status quo - Poverty, non-inclusive development, elite capture in project identification and implementation, corruption. Main objective - Communities in the target municipalities become empowered to achieve improved access to basic services and to participate in more inclusive local planning, budgeting, implementation and disaster risk reduction and management. Brief Description of the committment - KC-NCDDP aims to capacitate communities to be active partners in local development and to support improvement in local governance.
Community capacity building is done through trainings, coaching and providing community volunteers the space to exercise these skills in the Community Empowerment Activity Cycle. In Program implementation, KC-NCDDP adopts barangay assembly decision making, participatory situation analysis, inter-barangay forum for prioritization, community procurement, community finance, community monitoring, grievance redress and accountability reporting as vehicles to promote participation of community members and other citizen groups.
On the governance side, continuing capacity building is provided to LGUs, supporting them on local poverty reduction action planning, resource mobilization, and implementation of CDD.
Additional program level activities were adopted to further strengthen open governance include geo-tagging, hazard
mapping, issuance of DRRM guidelines and Municipal Talakayan (where LGUs and citizens discuss development issues). Relevance - Transparency – Involvement of communities in planning, procurement, financial management, grievance redress ensures that the whole community knows and understands resources flowing to their communities, processes in planning and implementation, and output of their initiatives.
Engaging civil society in public audit - Accountability reporting and Municipal Talakayan discloses to the public local needs, available resources, identified activities for funding and how these are delivered and how resources were utilized.
Enhance government procurement – the use of community procurement presents an alternative system for government where communities themselves are involved in every step of the process. Accessible data (single format and portal) – information on completed sub-projects are consistently being uploaded to the Open Data website. Protocols for geo-tagging are consistent with DA, NEDA, DENR and other government agencies for uniformity of format and easy data sharing.
Enhance performance bench marks for local governance – utilization of PSA monitoring, and survey data in assessing the quality of LGU projects and services and the level of development in the municipality.
Grassroots participation in local planning and budgeting – promotion of localized and demand driven decision making through mobilization of grassroots organization and communities in planning, implementing and managing subprojects that address local poverty and disaster response operations and ensuring that barangay development plans are integrated into municipal development plans. Ambition - It is envisioned that with the conduct of trainings and other capacity building activities, communities will actively and effectively participate in improving the quality of their lives by taking part in identification of community needs and solutions, and in regular local planning and resource allocation
Meanwhile, LGUs will actively deliver quality and inclusive basic social welfare and development services by being responsive to community identified needs, and being providing access to information on local resources, plans and processes.

IRM Midterm Status Summary

For Commitment details, see https://www.opengovpartnership.org/documents/philippines-mid-term-progress-report-2015-2017.

IRM End of Term Status Summary

7. Community participation in local development planning

Commitment Text:

Status quo or problem/issue to be addressed

Poverty, non-inclusive development, elite capture in project identification and implementation, corruption.

Main Objective

Communities in the target municipalities become empowered to achieve improved access to basic services and to participate in more inclusive local planning, budgeting, implementation and disaster risk reduction and management.

Description of Commitment

KC-NCDDP aims to capacitate communities to be active partners in local development and to support improvement in local governance. Community capacity building is done through trainings, coaching and providing community volunteers the space to exercise these skills in the Community Empowerment Activity Cycle. In Program implementation, KC-NCDDP adopts barangay assembly decision making, participatory situation analysis, inter-barangay forum for prioritization, community procurement, community finance, community monitoring, grievance redress and accountability reporting as vehicles to promote participation of community members and other citizen groups. On the governance side, continuing capacity building is provided to LGUs, supporting them on local poverty reduction action planning, resource mobilization, and implementation of CDD. Additional program level activities were adopted to further strengthen open governance include geo-tagging, hazard mapping, issuance of DRRM guidelines and Municipal Talakayan (where LGUs and citizens discuss development issues).

Relevance

Transparency – Involvement of communities in planning, procurement, financial management, grievance redress ensures that the whole community knows and understands resources flowing to their communities, processes in planning and implementation, and output of their initiatives. Engaging civil society in public audit - Accountability reporting and Municipal Talakayan discloses to the public local needs, available resources, identified activities for funding and how these are delivered and how resources were utilized. Enhance government procurement – the use of community procurement presents an alternative system for government where communities themselves are involved in every step of the process. Accessible data (single format and portal) – information on completed sub-projects are consistently being uploaded to the Open Data website. Protocols for geo-tagging are consistent with DA, NEDA, DENR and other government agencies for uniformity of format and easy data sharing. Enhance performance bench marks for local governance – utilization of PSA monitoring, and survey data in assessing the quality of LGU projects and services and the level of development in the municipality. Grassroots participation in local planning and budgeting – promotion of localized and demand driven decision making through mobilization of grassroots organization and communities in planning, implementing and managing subprojects that address local poverty and disaster response operations and ensuring that barangay development plans are integrated into municipal development plans.

Ambition

It is envisioned that with the conduct of trainings and other capacity building activities, communities will actively and effectively participate in improving the quality of their lives by taking part in identification of community needs and solutions, and in regular local planning and resource allocation Meanwhile, LGUs will actively deliver quality and inclusive basic social welfare and development services by being responsive to community identified needs, and being providing access to information on local resources, plans and processes

Performance Target by 2015:

· 177 municipalities with increased membership of POs and CSOs in local development councils and special bodies

· 5574 barangays with poverty reduction action plans prepared, involving community members

· 6,735 community projects completed

Performance Target by 2016:

· 325 municipalities with increased membership of POs and CSOs in local development councils and special bodies

· 6,889 barangays with poverty reduction action plans prepared, involving community members

· 7,713 community projects completed

Performance Target by 2017:

· 345 municipalities with increased membership of POs and CSOs in local development councils and special bodies

· 7,184 barangays with poverty reduction action plans prepared, involving community members

· 5,061 community projects completed

Responsible institution: Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD)

Supporting institutions: National Steering Committee: National Economic and Development Authority, Department of Finance, National Anti-Poverty Commission, Department of Budget and Management, Department of the Interior and Local Governemnt, Department of Agriculture, Department of Agrarian Reform, Department of Health, Department of Education, Department of Science and Technology, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Department of Public Work and Highways, Department of Labor and Employment, Technical Education and Skills Development Authority, Office of the Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process, National Commission on Indigenous Peoples, Presidential Commission for the Urban Poor, Office of the Presidential Assistant for Rehabilitation and Recovery, Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board, League of Provinces, League of Municipalities, League of Barangays, Regional Development Councils, Municipal and Barangay Local Government Units. World Bank, Asian Development Bank, Australian Government DFAT, AECID, Millennium Challenge Corporation Task Force Participatory Local Governance

Start date: 1 January 2015

End date: 31 December 2017

Commitment Aim

The commitment aimed to strengthen community participatory processes and facilitate citizen involvement in local development planning through a Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) program called Kapit-Bisig Laban sa Kahirapan (KALAHI)-Comprehensive and Integrated Delivery of Social Service (KALAHI CIDSS) (KC)[Note: See Aceron, Joy. 2017. Philippines Progress Report, 2015-2017. Open Government Partnership Independent Reporting Mechanism. ] Comprehensive and Integrated Delivery of Social Service (KALAHI CIDSS) (KC) National Community-Driven Development Program (NCDDP ).[Note: CIDSS and NCDDP are different components or are enhancements of KALAHI. They are treated as different programs by the government.]

For steps would be needed to achieve this commitment: first, the number of representatives on local development councils and special bodies from people’s organizations (POs) and CSOs needs to be increased; second, thousands of villages need to submit their poverty reduction action plans and complete the relevant community projects; third, the DSDW must document community experiences and the quality of participation; and fourth, the Task Force Participatory Local Governance (TF-PLG), or the civil society commitment holder, must conduct a further study on citizen participation.

Status

Midterm: Substantial

Substantial progress had been made at the midterm. More POs and CSOs became involved in in local development councils and special bodies during the period. 173 municipalities out of a targeted 177 increased their PO and CSO membership in 2015, 325 out of a targeted 585 municipalities increased membership in 2016.[Note: See Aceron, Joy. 2017. Philippines Progress Report, 2015-2017. Open Government Partnership Independent Reporting Mechanism. ] The other two deliverables (i.e. submitting action plans and completing community projects) were still short of the targets.[Note: Ibid. ] Finally, the studies on civil society participation in KALAHI-CIDSS had not been started yet.

End of term: Substantial

According to the midterm progress report, all the deliverables for this commitment were on target to be completed. However, the government’s end-of-term self-assessment reported that none the deliverables were fully met: 800 municipalities increased membership of POs and CSOs in local development councils and special bodies, 94 percent of the target; 12,846 barangays/ villages have developed action plans, 65 percent of the target; and 20,184 community projects completed poverty reduction plans, 94 percent of the target.[Note: PH-OGP End-of-Term Self-Assessment Report. October 2017.] As such, the status of the commitment has been downgraded from complete to substantial.

The progress report stated that the main causes of delays to the implementation of projects was the reporting schedule and documentation requirements of agencies. XX[Note: Pre-publication review comment, DSWD-KALAHI CIDSS Team (April 2018):

“Reasons for the non-achievement of targets in deliverables are due to the following: 1) KC NCDDP coverage depends on LGU enrollment to the program. Some target municipalities decided not to enroll due to reasons such as lack of cash counterpart. 2) KC NDDP follows a timeline of implementation - usually 6 months of social preparation and 6 months of subproject implementation. Those that were funded in the latter part of 2017 would only be completed by end of December or 1st quarter of 2018.”]XX Jesse Robredo from the Institute of Governance (JRIG) reported that funding constraints had delayed the completion of the case study, thought JRIG and its local academic partners in Regions VI, V, and IX had conducted the research.[Note: Jesse Robredo Institute of Governance (JRIG). Response to Questionnaire for the End of Term IRM Report. ]

Did It Open Government?

Civic Participation: Major

KC-NCDDP has enabled citizens to identify, implement, and monitor projects that are needed in their communities. A total of Php 19 billion (approximately USD $283 million) has been disbursed to community projects through KC-NCDDP. The entry of new community leaders from in local development councils has allowed a new set of citizen leaders to influence decision making in these bodies. An impact study by the World Bank provides an affirmative account of the citizen mobilization: “Available evidence indicates that KALAHI-CIDSS subprojects were not subject to elite capture, at least in its most malign form […] Barangay captains (elected village officials) did not appear to be an overwhelming force behind proposals put forward to the MIBF (subproject prioritizing committee), as their preferences and those of community members were equally represented in community proposals. Not surprisingly, however, individuals who were already active in community affairs prior to the project are more likely to have their preferences represented in the submitted community proposal.”[Note: Phillipines KALAHI-CIDSS Impact Evaluation: A Revised Synthesis Report. World Bank January 2013 https://bit.ly/2rbuGmv. ]

Plans generated through KC-NCDDP processes are being used in other programs, facilitating a convergence of government and civil society efforts.

Carried Forward?

The commitment has not been carried on in the next action plan. According to a DSWD official interviewed by the IRM researcher, while other monitoring systems focus on efficiency and effectiveness, OGP adds value to the commitment by monitoring participation and access to information for KC-NCDDP.[Note: Silli, Eleonora Gretchel, Monitoring and Evaluation Office, KALAHI-CIDDS NCDDP PMO-Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD). Interview on 3 November 2016 at KALAHI-DSWD Office, Quezon City.] In the future, KALAHI-CIDSS’ monitoring system will need to pursue this without it being included in a PH-OGP action plan.

Commitments

  1. Citizen Participation in Local Government

    PH0056, 2019, Capacity Building

  2. Participation in Local Tourism Development

    PH0057, 2019, Capacity Building

  3. Basic Education Inputs Program

    PH0058, 2019, Capacity Building

  4. Open Data Portal

    PH0059, 2019, Access to Information

  5. Participatory Monitoring of Infrastructure Projects

    PH0060, 2019, Capacity Building

  6. Implement EITI

    PH0061, 2019, Access to Information

  7. Passage of Freedom of Information Law

    PH0062, 2019, Access to Information

  8. Labor Inclusivity and Dispute Resolution

    PH0063, 2019, Access to Justice

  9. Participatory Children's Health and Nutrition Program

    PH0064, 2019, Gender

  10. Indigenous Representation in Local Legislative Councils

    PH0065, 2019, E-Government

  11. Open Contracting Data Publication

    PH0066, 2019, Access to Information

  12. Civil Society Participation to Improve LGU Service Delivery

    PH0042, 2017, Access to Information

  13. Engage Communities in the Fight Against Corruption, Criminality and Illegal Drugs

    PH0043, 2017, Capacity Building

  14. Ease of Doing Business:Competitiveness

    PH0044, 2017, Legislation & Regulation

  15. Ease of Doing Business: Philippines’ Anti-Red Tape Challenge)

    PH0045, 2017, Capacity Building

  16. Citizen Participatory Audit)

    PH0046, 2017, Anti-Corruption

  17. 8888 Citizens’ Complaint Center

    PH0047, 2017, Public Participation

  18. Government Feedback Mechanism

    PH0048, 2017, Capacity Building

  19. Access to Information Legislation

    PH0049, 2017, Access to Information

  20. e-Participation Through the National Government Portal

    PH0050, 2017, Access to Information

  21. Open Budget Index and Budget Reform Bill

    PH0051, 2017, Access to Information

  22. Philippine Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative

    PH0052, 2017, Anti-Corruption

  23. Institutional Mechanisms for Disaster Response

    PH0053, 2017, Access to Information

  24. Shelter Development for Informal Settler Families

    PH0054, 2017, Access to Information

  25. Open Local Legislative Processes

    PH0055, 2017, E-Government

  26. Law on ATI

    PH0029, 2015, Access to Information

  27. Transparency of Local Govs Plans and Budgets

    PH0030, 2015, Fiscal Openness

  28. Open Data

    PH0031, 2015, Access to Information

  29. Extractive Industries' Transparency

    PH0032, 2015, Anti-Corruption

  30. CSO Engagement in Public Audit

    PH0033, 2015, Social Accountability Measures & Feedback Loops

  31. Civic Enagement in Local Budget Planning

    PH0034, 2015, Fiscal Openness

  32. Civic Enagement in Local Budget Planning – Community Capacity-Building

    PH0035, 2015, Capacity Building

  33. Improving Public Service Delivery

    PH0036, 2015, Public Participation

  34. Improving Local Govs' Performance

    PH0037, 2015, Capacity Building

  35. Improve the Ease of Doing Business

    PH0038, 2015, Private Sector

  36. Local Government Competitiveness

    PH0039, 2015, Access to Information

  37. Public and Private Sector Dialogue

    PH0040, 2015, Private Sector

  38. Improving Corporate Accountability

    PH0041, 2015, Private Sector

  39. Sustain Transparency in National Government Plans and Budgets

    PH0020, 2013, E-Government

  40. Support for the Passage of Legislations on Access to Information and Protection of Whistleblowers

    PH0021, 2013, Access to Information

  41. Engage Civil Society in Public Audit

    PH0022, 2013, Public Participation

  42. Enhance Performance Benchmarks for Local Governance

    PH0023, 2013, Capacity Building

  43. Enhance the Government Procurement System

    PH0024, 2013, Anti-Corruption

  44. Strengthen Grassroots Participation in Local Planning and Budgeting

    PH0025, 2013, Fiscal Openness

  45. Provide More Accessible Government Data in a Single Portal and Open Format

    PH0026, 2013, Access to Information

  46. Starred commitment Initiate Fiscal Transparency in the Extractive Industry

    PH0027, 2013, Anti-Corruption

  47. Starred commitment Improve the Ease of Doing Business

    PH0028, 2013, Private Sector

  48. Disclose Executive Budgets

    PH0001, 2011, Fiscal Openness

  49. Access to Information Initiative

    PH0002, 2011, Access to Information

  50. Broader CSO Engagement

    PH0003, 2011, Public Participation

  51. Participatory Budget Roadmap

    PH0004, 2011, Fiscal Openness

  52. Local Poverty Reduction

    PH0005, 2011, Subnational

  53. Empowerment Fund

    PH0006, 2011, Capacity Building

  54. Social Audit

    PH0007, 2011, Public Participation

  55. Results-Based Performance

    PH0008, 2011, Capacity Building

  56. Performance-Based Budgeting

    PH0009, 2011, Capacity Building

  57. Citizen’S Charters

    PH0010, 2011, Capacity Building

  58. Internal Audit

    PH0011, 2011, Anti-Corruption

  59. Single Portal for Information

    PH0012, 2011, Access to Information

  60. Integrated Financial Management System

    PH0013, 2011, E-Government

  61. Electronic Bidding

    PH0014, 2011, Anti-Corruption

  62. Procurement Cards

    PH0015, 2011, Anti-Corruption

  63. Manpower Information System

    PH0016, 2011, E-Government

  64. Expand the National Household Targeting System (NHTS)

    PH0017, 2011, Public Participation

  65. e-TAILS

    PH0018, 2011, E-Government

  66. Budget Ng Bayan

    PH0019, 2011, Fiscal Openness

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